Furnaces



" (N w 2 She ts'-S 1 1eet L I, J. M'. HAR-TMAN.

BLAST APPARATUS FOR BLAST FURNACES.

No. 399,262. Patented Mar. 12,1889.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR no Model.) 2 Sheets-Shept 2. J. M. HARTMAN. BLAST-APPARATUS FOR BLAST FURNACES.

No. 399,262. Patented Man 12, .1"8 89.

WITNESSES: INVENTOR M MM fiqa w N, PETERS. PlmlO-Lilhngmphar, Washington, DlC.

. longitudinal kbpeningin the said all JOHN "M. I TART.

\IAX, or

tries.

PIlILrUJELPI-HA, PEN SYLVI-XN'IA.

BLAST APPARATUS 'FOR BLAST-FURNACES.

SPECIFICATION forming'part of Letters Patent No. 399,

' Application filed March 20, 1885'. Serial No.

To all whom it Be it known that I, J'OHN Philadelphia, have invented certain new movements in Blast Furnaces. The following is provements, reference being eompanying drawings, irherein- .Figure l is a rear view of blast-furnace and its attachments. a v1ew,.partl y in side elevation and section, through portions may concern I M. IIARTMAN, of in the State of Pennsylvaniaand useful In1. Apparatus for a specification of said im- Blast had to the acthe tuyere of a .Fig. 2 is I partly in the tuyere-' gitudinal section, through the tuyere proper on the line of as a: in Fig". 3, the scale .of these figures being 5, (l, 7, S, and 9 are detail vie ing scales of various to the invention.

he several objects oi will be scription of the thereto.

In the drz-lwings, A is the in ing the usual jacket, A, wit-l coil casttherein.

B is the tuyere-liroast, i use] of being packed or ram med usualinanner, a tight lilting obtained-by-giving' ,a quick 1 Periphery, as shovvn at a, and vespondingly-ta-pered seat ar cent portion of the opening in the he tuyere-breast, or that per contact. with the jacket, is bronze," the objectof such met] on and application being to avoid the adlace were the parts in contact here bronze is used I have such adhesion lakes place, and thus I am enabled to obtain {a tight join t' l renewal or re alaein-g of atuyere-breast. i

breastin position, I -pro- I ,To maintain the. VI e eyes. upon theadjaeent considerably enlarged; and

and jacket.

A','a,nd, as thediifereriees-in sizeor a J -ustment of the breasts render l itdiificult.

ws upon dilt'erminor features relatingr the imprm 'ements mentioned lll connection with the demg I cast parts specially relating 1 ted through an Instead with clay, in the for the breast is nper to its rear forming a corthan the ound the adjathus do jacket A. tion' w hieh is in constructed of 10d of construcich would; take both of iron. .i'ound, that no withoutthe use: position b a packing and free from a ny clanger of adwith the quick 5 portion of the i from two 0 the furnaceof inser 1s a rear view, andFig. 4 alon:

in another of Augustl l'to describe The the i I to bring them up home 1 |provide the cam-head pins {which are inserted breast, so a C is the Wardl -pr pipe E and through by the rotation of which the i be forced up against the s to clamp it snugly r more points. tuyere, which has at ejecting flange, aineter to permit the ins IOLYC t ll an lilllil mg, m, between the two.

To prevent the clay p tion from i'allii the space between it pipe, I provide the extreme pine with an outwardl -projectingmeHar;d,-

from being pushed over the E in case there is not a close itand the to further a series of sum] )y means of 262, dated March 12, 1889. 159,549. (No nmdeLl a pin, I

0, (see Fig. 9,)

the eyes b, and

cam-surface can rear end of the in position its butt a rearr space forpackacking While in course 1g. into the tuyere, or and the end of the belly the belly'-- end of a stop to prevent the packing end of the pipecontact between.

channels, c, upon the belly-pipe, near its end,

into which channels the is thus firmly held.

To prevent the belly-pipe sagging, as

frequ entl y ribs or soft clay enters, and

from yielding or happens from the softthe metal under t ast at present used, I cast surface longitudiiml he high heats of upon the exterior flanges E, which not only afford. 'amore extended surface for radiation of the heat, but periphery of .th not become soft ess of the As the tuyere itself, the circulation, the nozzle-piece,

application fil the sti ffn ing" slotted lug-, at the belly-pipe F.

pipe.

nain much cooler )ipe proper, and

system of written &c., areelainied belly-.

60 D, of sufficient di-. ertion of th adjacentportion oi the tuyere, and assist in the retention of the pack,-

1 circumferential.

ened,.but maintain ed by me under date I 3, 1885 ,1 do not deem it necessary the details of th which is clamped the rigid bar it, having solutely rigid joints are u l nectionfs, I join them eir construction.

is held closely up against ear end of the tuyere by attachment to"- ,the leg E bottom of thelegi Asmuch troublehas been 0 ab xperiencedwhen sed for the :con?

means of the device 7 parts to be'tirmly clamped together and yet tlie contiguous ends of the l) ip0,"\\lii('li fre l side, the heat at that the blast or even distrilnitiou. by friction, it

. l'UllllO 't the huslhe-pipell and the leg l l at quently occurs when they become slightly oxidized and are. thrust or jammed together by the expansion referred to. I prefer to use abrass nut ll, and washer 1:, as this metal'i 7 is less' liable to adhere.- I 4, In operating-furiiaees' thin-eds great di flicully in'maintaining a uniforn'iily of volume illlllthellitlflllgblast- 211}:l-ll the tu'yeres, and this difficulty increases with the; size of the furnace. When the blastentin's more upon one point is correspoiidingly increased. The furnace-winks up in a large passage on-that side and forms a scaffold on the opposite one. This tends to further increase the dilierenmin the operation of the tu'yeres, astheblast enters with more difficulty 'on the side where the contents of the fiurnace are more or less ehilled. As soon as this state oi a'liairs is found to exist, it is necessary at once to open the ,tuyere at which the blast is defective and force an 'entranee'by.means of a wicker-bar into the furnace.

'.lo p revent the uneven tlow of blast, redueers' have been used for the tuyeres which were working too freely, such reducers bein g placed in the bell y-pips; but it is found that they are liableto destruction from the flowing back of the cinder into the pipe, and,furthermore,' the blast is not delivered 1 ro'perly into the furnace when the reduction is effected at that point. It the reducerbeplaced iu the tuyere, it is not. only liable to -"ct clogged with cinder, but, instead olfobtaming a slai'a'keniug ofoften act's a 'uozzle-piece and produces the great a penetrating power-in the blast, espe 'cially \\'hensoft"fuel is' used or the hearth is small; o y

l have found that it. isdesirable to main tain a system of r mlucers in perlmtneutparts of the luyere-pipe eomlections, and there fore plaee il in the \eij-tieal port-ion of the pipe 'or leg E preferably at the point L, Fig. 2. The red ueer itselt isshown atl ig. 7 at if, being secured on the inside. of the pipehy means of a set-screw, I. y 'io enable the frinmee-mmr to t \"ariat'ii' for the blast-at the different tuyeres, and lhus' prm'ent one tuyere from ri'ibbi'ng arnitliei'gllprovide the iuyere-pipeor its connections with a gage" operated by the, presstu-e from the eu-rrcutof: blast within said pipe and indicating he \'elocil o'f'ihe blast. 'lhisgage M leteot any "above s l at ed.

apoint. below the reducer L by means of a small pipe, N, and place at some ntermediate point in the pipe N a differential pressureg'age, 0, formed, preferably, with one yertieal leg and one inclined at an angle of tor-tylive degrees, as shown in Fig. :2. Each tuyere is provided with one of these gages, and-if the 1u \;'ere is taking less air than it ought to do the fact will-be ini'licaliml' by the position of the mercury in the two legsof'thegage O.

\Vhen the condition of afli'airs is normal, the mercury will stand higherin the leg of the gage. which is connected wit-h the leg E but when the blast has been checked at the tuyere the nu-n-eury will stand at an own height in both legs. To facilitate the observation of this, the h-rgs of the gage are inclined, as

i do not,however, restrict-lilysell to the particular differential gage above described, nor in the use of a removable reducer, as the diminution of the pipes bore might be obtained by a [)t'l'll m'l'H-llh contraction of the pipe itself. i

In the operation of a furnace thehearth often becomes chilled from an overburden or the leakage of water through a defective tuyere, and under these circumstances the crucible-walls also may become chilled; and. as' in these cases the water-oirculation around them is actually detriment-a1, since it abstracts the much-needed heat, I provide a pipe, Q, which runs from the bustle-pipe M to the wa ter-pipe R of i he eriwiblc-jacket S, and place the three-way coek '1 at a proper point, so" that it" the erueible-jaokct is found to be chilled the water-supply can be out oit by turning the cock T and a supply of hot blast from the pipe Q admitted into the circulatingcoil of the jacket Whatever water remains in the pipe R is at once expelled, either-idireetly or inthe-form of steam, by thepressure oft-he hot blast. In this wayI restore the jaeketto-its fornier temperature.

I find it convenient to place around the 'lower portioi-i of the crucible a number of doors, '1, each olf whielris provided with a proper interior pipe, 1), for water-cireulation.

wheu it is found that the accumulation of mushy cinder has occurred in the crucible, (as sometimes happens when the hearth is chilled from overburden) I open a door upon that side, dig through the wall of the furnace into the interior, and draw off the deposit of 12p m'ushy cinder, preferal'ily allowing it to flow on the grouin'l around the crucible-jacket. In this wayit aids in restor'mg the heat of the furna'ee-foundation, Wh i ch, in proper'running, should act as a reservoir of heat. Having" thus described my claim-- l. The combination, with the blast-furnace and the. tu .re, of the belly-pipe E, haying a. series of radially-1n-ojeeting ribs along its'exterinr, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

. 5 in\-ention, l

I pret'e'i"-'to emistruet ud applyasfollows:

The eombination, with thel llyerc and the blast-pipes connected therewil h, of a reducer and a gage operated by the pressureof the air- 4. The combination of the circulating-epilblaBtWiflHll said plpe, situated at a point befor the crucible jacket with branch pipes tween the reduced portion of the pipe and the leading from the blast. apparatus nd suita tuye b fi stantially as set forth. ble cocks whereby the water can be shut off I 5 5 3. he combination, with the tuyere and from and the hot blast turned on the said coi1,'1' the blast-pipes connected therewith, of a refor the purposes set forth.

ducer'placed 1n .a portion of the pipe a small T i v pipe communicating with the blast-pipes on r JOHA "I- opposite sides of the reducer, and'a differen- TVitnesses: 1o tial pressure-gage arranged in the said small CHARLES F. ZIEGLER, I

pipe, substantially as set forth. H. MARPLE. 

